Celiac Disease

Celiac (coeliac) disease is a chronic condition where the body reacts to a protein — called gluten — and loses its ability to absorb necessary nutrients. Gluten is most commonly found in wheat, barley, rye, and oats. Celiac disease is considered an auto immune disorder because with consumption of gluten, the immune system actually attacks the body’s own cells in the small intestine.

The exact cause of celiac disease is unknown. Research has shown that it may have a genetic link, and the disease usually appears after some distress to the body such as pregnancy, childbirth, illness, severe emotional stress, physical injury, or surgery.

The effects of celiac disease appear when a protein, called gluten, is consumed. The small intestines are responsible for proper absorption of nutrients needed for energy and building of body tissues. Tiny projections, called villa, line the small intestines to allow greater absorption of food and nutrients. When gluten enters the small intestine, a reaction occurs and the body attacks the villa, leaving small lesions. Upon damage to the villa, the small intestine is then unable to absorb nutrients properly leading to symptoms of malnourishment.